The
destroyers-for-bases deal was an agreement between the
United States and the
United Kingdom on September 2, 1940, according to which 50
Caldwell,
Wickes, and
Clemson-class US Navy destroyers were transferred to the
Royal Navy from the
US Navy in exchange for land rights on
British possessions.
Generally referred to as the "twelve hundred-ton type" (also known as "flush-deck", or "four-pipers" after their four
funnels), the destroyers became the British
Town class and were named after towns common to both countries. US President
Franklin Roosevelt used an
executive agreement, which does not require congressional approval. He was sharply criticised from antiwar Americans, who pointed out that the agreement violated the
Neutrality Acts.